18 November
2025 / current concerns
2-027
[This article
may be freely published with credit/authorship is retained, and the reference/link
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ADVANCING
HYDROGEN AND CLEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
by Dr. Uzodinma Adirieje, FAHOA
+2348034725905 (WhatsApp) / EMAIL: druzoadirieje2015@gmail.com
CEO/Programmes Director, Afrihealth Optonet Association
(AHOA) – CSOs Network and Think-tank
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INTRODUCTION
Africa stands at a pivotal moment in its development trajectory.
With burgeoning populations, accelerating urbanisation, and rising energy
demand, the continent has a dual imperative: to meet the needs of its people
and to do so in ways that align with the goals of climate resilience,
sustainability, and equitable growth. Clean energy systems — and in particular
hydrogen technology — offer a transformative pathway. This article sets out a
vision for how Africa can advance hydrogen and clean energy systems to achieve
sustainable development, and outlines practical strategies, challenges, and
opportunities for implementation.
WHY HYDROGEN AND CLEAN ENERGY MATTER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
a) Abundant renewable resources: Many African countries are endowed
with exceptional solar, wind and hydropower potential. This resource base means
that the continent is well-positioned to produce clean hydrogen affordably —
particularly “green hydrogen” produced by electrolysis powered by renewables.
b) Decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors: Hydrogen offers a
pathway to decarbonise sectors that are difficult to address through only solar
or wind — such as heavy transport, industrial heat, fertilizer production, and
long-duration energy storage.
c) Energy access, equity and job creation: Clean energy systems —
including hydrogen-enabled ones — can support off-grid or weak-grid
communities, create skilled employment, foster industrial development and help
meet multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
d) Export and economic diversification opportunities: Africa has the
possibility not only to satisfy domestic clean energy demand but also to become
a global supplier of hydrogen or hydrogen-derived fuels, thereby capturing
value, catalysing investment and diversifying economies.
STRATEGIC PILLARS FOR AFRICA’S CLEAN HYDROGEN AND CLEAN ENERGY
SYSTEMS
a) Pillar 1: Develop Clear Policy & Governance Frameworks
i. Establish national hydrogen strategies with realistic phased
targets (pilot → scale → export) aligned with wider clean energy and
industrialisation policies.
ii. Create enabling regulations, incentives (e.g., subsidies, tax
frameworks), offtake guarantees, and certification systems to reduce investment
risk.
iii. Strengthen institutional capacity (government agencies,
utilities, regulatory bodies) to oversee hydrogen and hydrogen-related
infrastructure.
iv. Ensure that civil society, communities, gender equity and local
industry are integrated in policy design and benefit-sharing.
b) Pillar 2: Build Renewables-to-Hydrogen Infrastructure &
Linkages
i. Accelerate large-scale deployment of renewables (solar, wind,
hydro) with system upgrades to support electrolysis and hydrogen production.
ii. Invest in hydrogen production technologies (electrolysers),
storage, transportation (pipelines, shipping, refuelling), and end-use
infrastructure (fuel cells, hydrogen-ready industries).
iii. Prioritise regions with high resource potential and suitable
infrastructure, and build modular pilot projects to validate technologies and
business models.
iv. Integrate hydrogen systems with other clean energy systems
(grid, mini-grids, energy storage, smart demand) to maximise synergies.
c) Pillar 3: Mobilise Finance, Partnerships & Local Capacity
i. Leverage blended finance (development finance, private capital,
concessional debt) to bring down cost of capital and enable bankable projects.
ii. Cultivate international partnerships for technology transfer,
joint investment, and market access (exports).
iii. Invest in local skills development, vocational training and
higher-education programmes focused on hydrogen, electrochemistry, clean energy
systems (e.g., centres of excellence).
iv. Embed local industry (manufacturing, O&M, services) and use
procurement strategies that maximise local value-addition.
d) Pillar 4: Ensure Just Transition & Sustainable Development
Co-benefits
i. Prioritise equity: ensure that underserved communities — rural,
peri-urban, women and youth — benefit from clean energy access, jobs and
services.
ii. Design hydrogen and clean energy projects with environmental and
social safeguards (water use, land rights, biodiversity) to avoid negative
externalities.
iii. Align hydrogen deployment with broader sustainable development
goals: clean water, health, education, industrialisation, decent work.
Key Barriers and Mitigation Paths
|
Barrier |
Mitigation Strategy |
|
High initial capital costs and
financing risk |
Use blended finance, de-risking
tools, phased project scale-up |
|
Weak grid and energy
infrastructure in many regions |
Prioritise complementary
investments in grid upgrades and decentralised systems |
|
Policy/regulatory uncertainty |
Develop clear national roadmaps,
stable incentives and regulatory clarity |
|
Skills and technical capacity gaps |
Invest in training, research
centres, technology transfer and partnerships |
|
Water and land constraints
(especially in arid zones) |
Use integrated planning
(water-energy-land nexus), deploy technologies that minimise water use |
|
Ensuring local benefit vs.
export-only models |
Embed local content, jobs/training
targets, community engagement and value linkage to domestic needs |
OPPORTUNITIES FOR NIGERIA AND WEST AFRICA
For Nigeria and the West African region, the hydrogen and clean
energy opportunity is especially compelling:
1. Nigeria has substantial solar/wind potential in the north, and
via hydrogen can diversify away from fossil-fuel dependence.
2. Integrating hydrogen strategies with Nigeria’s energy transition
plan, industrial policy and SDG commitments can accelerate impact.
A CALL TO ACTION
Civil society, development partners and policy-makers must seize
this moment. The continent can leap-frog traditional carbon-intensive pathways
and position itself as a global leader in clean hydrogen and energy systems —
but only if we act decisively, inclusively and strategically. In my capacities
with AHOA, SOCSEEN, ANCSO, GCSCCC and CSP4SDGs, I call for the following:
1. Governments to adopt and publish national hydrogen strategies
aligned with SDGs and climate goals.
ii. Investors and financiers to prioritise hydrogen-clean energy
projects that embed local development outcomes.
iii. Universities, research institutes and industry to collaborate
on technology, training and localisation.
iv. Communities to be engaged proactively in project design and
benefit-sharing.
v. International partners to support African-led projects, ensuring
technology transfer and equitable value chains.
CONCLUSION
Clean energy systems — anchored by hydrogen — can unlock sustainable
development across Africa: enhancing energy access, supporting industrial
growth, creating jobs, reducing emissions and positioning the continent for the
21st century economy. By aligning our efforts across policy, infrastructure,
finance and social inclusion, we can build an energy future that is clean, just
and prosperous for all Africans. Let us move from vision to action.
About this Writer:
Dr. Uzodinma Adirieje is an environmental health researcher with
Afrihealth Optonet Association (AHOA), focused on linking ecosystem health and
human well-being in Nigeria. He is a global health practitioner, development expert,
and civil society leader whose work sits at the critical nexus of biodiversity,
health, and climate change. He serves as the CEO of AHOA, a pan-African and
global South civil society network advancing sustainable development through
advocacy, policy dialogue, and grassroots interventions. With over two decades
of experience, Dr. Adirieje has championed the understanding that biodiversity
is essential for human health - supporting food security, disease regulation,
clean water, and resilient livelihoods. His leadership promotes integrated
approaches that address environmental degradation, climate change, and poverty
simultaneously. Through AHOA, he leads multi-country initiatives on climate
change, ecosystem restoration, renewable energy, universal health coverage, and
climate-smart agriculture, while advocating for stronger governance and
inclusive community participation. At national, regional, and global levels,
Dr. Adirieje engages with governments, international organizations, and civil
society to drive policies linking health and environment. His work underscores
that safeguarding biodiversity is not only an ecological necessity but also a
cornerstone of global health and sustainable development in Africa and the
Global South.